It is a city where different populations and numerous civilizations have mixed. Life mainly depended on agriculture, and the road leading to it was called "Route El Ain" due to the large number of its springs and wells. Among the most famous: Ain Cherfi, Ain Torkia, Bir Litem, etc.

Among the most important historical periods experienced by the city:

• In the 12th century, the Normans from Sicily took control of the city, which was later liberated by the Almohads.
• In the 18th century, the city of El Ain was known for its towers serving as main residences, also used for animal husbandry and land exploitation.
• In the 19th century, Jews and Christians, mainly from Malta, settled in the city. Their commercial activity remained limited until the establishment of the French protectorate in 1881.